Viasat is a global communications company that believes everyone and everything in the world can be connected. Therefore, this discussion applies to both sspa and twtas. A flexible, accurate, largesignal computer program has been developed for the design of coupledcavity travelingwave tubes. Twt traveling wave tube is an electronic device used to amplify microwave radio frequency rf signals to higher power levels. Twts are also used for ground broadcast stations, guidance systems and military aircraft radar. Welcome to the most trusted and comprehensive tubes. In a travelingwave tube the kinetic energy of electrons is transferred to the power of an electromagnetic wave rfsignal. Design of a travelingwave tube by moore, larry lex. The moving electron column is, of course, an electron beam.
Next, let the electron column move to the right at a velocity that is much higher than the velocities of the space charge waves. Travelling wave tubes are broadband microwave devices which have no cavity resonators like klystrons. Travelling wave tube basics, working and applications twt. All those conditions are fulfilled by the travelingwave tube twt. Solid state amplifiers sspa used mostly at sband also exhibit performance characteristics similar to twtas. We have experience with both helix twts and coupled cavity. These amplifiers provide coverage for a wider range of highpower microwave test applications than any other brand of microwave amplifier on.
This system is composed of the following four layers. Computer aided design tools for traveling wave tubes figure 3 is an example of results from the largesignal simulation code tesla applied to a kaband coupledcavity twt using periodic permanent magnet ppm focusing. In this cadcae integrated design system, the designers can freely and rapidly complete component design and performance analysis simultaneously instead of using two different software or two interface environment. A look at a microwavemmwave amplifier called the traveling wave tube twt often pronounced twit or traveling wave tube amplifier twta. Full text of design of a travelingwave tube internet archive. Were building a global network that combines our technologies from space systems and hybrid architectures to wifi, mobile, cyber, apps and more to make connectivity accessible, available and secure anywhere. Enhanced features for design of traveling wave tubes using. Unlike inferior systems, the webber system generates waves traveling in either direction in each zone of the pool. Travelling wave tube amplifiers twtas for space applications. Helix twt in which the radio waves interact with the electron beam while tr. Research paper travelingwave tube mechanics simulator suite a cadcae integrated rapid redesign system of vibration analysis for travelingwave tubes. Computer program for analysis of coupledcavity travelingwave tubes.
The design, fabrication and rf performance of the output travelingwave tube amplifier twta for a space based kaband software defined radio sdr is. Computer aided design tools for traveling wave tubes. A multistage depressed collectors design tool for traveling. This chapter provides the basic description of the twta structure and its various components. The center loss section included in previous tubes will be omitted. Simulation of a helix traveling wave tube with vsim. Highefficiency kband space traveling wave tube amplifier for nearearth high data rate communications rainee n. A traveling wave tube twt, pronounced twit or traveling wave tube amplifier twta, pronounced tweeta is a specialized vacuum tube that is used in electronics to amplify radio frequency rf signals in the microwave range. The bosch epc is designed to be integrated with any.
Pmi generates a variety of amplifiers like solid state, traveling wave tube twt, and pulse. The twt belongs to a category of linear beam tubes, such as the klystron, in which the radio wave is amplified by. Ifi has been using twts in thier twtas since 1953 and have the most extensive line of testing amplifiers and amplifier systems on the market today. Rf input is sent to one end of the helix and the output is drawn from the other end of the helix. Scm01 the basics of traveling wave tube amplifier slide 36 of 61. In this report, only the helix type of traveling wave tube will be considered.
Triton products contain helix type twts specifically because of their overall broadband applications. Traveling wave tube amplifiers twtas l3 technologies. It consists of a cylindrical helical coil which, in the absence of an electron beam, is capable of supporting a wave along the axis of the helix with a phase velocity substantially less than the light velocity. A travelingwave tube or travelingwave tube amplifier is a specialized vacuum tube that is used in electronics to amplify radio frequency signals in the microwave range. Traveling wave tube amplifiers are widely used in satellite applications to provide signal power amplification at high frequencies. Triton offers decades of experience in the design and production of electron devices including traveling wave tube amplifiers, microwave power modules and integrated subsystems for both military and commercial applications. Proper models are implemented into an existing beamwave interaction software to predict the performance of amplifiers with fw delay lines. The twtas consist of the travelling wave tube twt mainly determining the rf performance and the integrated electronic power conditioner epc, designed and manufactured by bosch, for power matching of the dc and bus interfaces.
An xray of a traveling wave tube from tmd technologies, a uk manufacturer of vacuum devices. Although there are various types of twt, two major categories are. This product is known as a traveling wave tube amplifier twta. Model 999ha traveling wave tube twt, was developed for use as a highpower microwave amplifier for highrate transmission of data and video signals from deep space to earth see figure.
Xmicrowave announces mmwave reference design kits featuring adi. Lindenblad designed the first modern version of the helix. Instead of a physical helix, we shall use a lossless helical sheath of radius a and an. These traveling wave tube amplifiers twtas offer power levels from 20 w to 1 kw cw and up to 70 kw pulsed. Traveling wave resources are compiled in this industrial portal which provides information on manufacturers, distributors and service companies in the tubes. The twt belongs to a category of linear beam tubes, such as the klystron, in which the radio wave is amplified by absorbing power from a beam of electrons as it passes down the tube. The design, fabrication and rf performance of the output travelingwave tube amplifier twta for a space based kaband software defined radio sdr is presented. When test needs call for higher power and higher frequency, consider our t series microwave amplifier line 0. The advantages for using a gan sspa to replace a twt include. Malek universiti malaysia perlis unimap school of computer and communication engineering no. Traveling wave tubes consist of three elements an electron gun for generating the electron beam, the rf circuit, where the beam interacts and amplifies radio frequency waves, and the collector, where the spent beam is collected and dissipated. Using compactdaq and labview to monitor and control a. Highefficiency kband space travelingwave tube amplifier. A traveling wave tube twt is an electron device used for radiofrequency amplification at microwave frequencies above 500 mhz and is the primary means of signal amplification utilized in communication satellites.
Travelingwave tube mechanics simulator suite a cadcae. The design and construction of a new traveling wave tube has been started. However, we should be able to reveal some of the physical phenomena. The electrons are decelerated and the electromagnetic field gets stronger. The travelingwave tube in the history of telecommunication. Chapter 2 travelling wave tube operation in order to design a helixtype traveling wave tube amplifier twta, it is necessary to understand the operating physics of a travelling wave tube twt. Where size and weight were once clear differentials between tube and solidstate amplifiers, travelingwave tubes and their power supplies have become considerably more compact. The traveling wave tube design was originally developed by teledyne wireless llc, who has proprietary design rights for the 10kw and kw traveling wave.
An automated simulationbased design cycle has become a fundamental part of the success of one of todays leading designers of travelling wave tube twt microwave amplifiers. Gan solid state pulsed power amplifiers overcome the limitations of twt traveling wave tube amplifiers. But in these extensive writings he never so much as mentioned haeffs earlier workyet the u. This program covers the initial design and development of a 75 watt, 60 ghz travelingwave tube for intersatellite communications to meet the requirements. Industrial assessment of the microwave power tube industry executive summary microwave power tubes are used in a variety of military, civil, and commercial applications. I am grateful to techx corporation for giving me vsim software to pursue.
Twts have been designed for frequencies as low as 300 megahertz and as high as. Traveling wave tube a twt is capable of gains from 40 to 70 db with bandwidths exceeding two octaves. Removing concern about twt damage at turnon after extended storage periods. Travelling wave tube is a cylindrical structure which contains an electron gun from a cathode tube. With more than 2,000 twtas actively operating inorbit, operating hours are accumulating at a rate of over 1. Lawrence ives2, and david chernin3 abstract traveling wave tubes twts are vacuum devices invented in the early 1940s for amplification of radio frequency rf power. The twt was invented by rudolf kompfner in 1942 in england, for this reason he appears in our microwave hall of fame. Simulate electromagnetics with complex structures and. Shown here is the tubes collector, which recovers some of the. This page was split from our microwave tube page and we added some content and photos thanks to terry cisco.
The twta, the sdr and the supporting avionics are integrated to forms a testbed, which is currently located on an exterior truss of the international space station iss. Traveling wave tube twt overview high frequency wideband amplifier output power ranges from wattmega watts. Industrial assessment of the microwave power tube industry. An xray of a travelingwave tube from tmd technologies, a uk manufacturer of vacuum devices. High efficiency travelingwave tube power amplifier for kaband. A travelingwave tube or twt amplifier is a high power. A travelingwave tube twt, pronounced twit or travelingwave tube amplifier twta.
Which simulation softwares can be used for designing a traveling wave tube. The software was supplemented with the software with a chemical engineering module to handle the mass transport. Traveling wave tube amplifiers twtas our current generation of twtas have accumulated over million inorbit operating hours. Practical travelling wave tube amplifiers twtas have applications in both receiver and transmitter systems, and come in all shapes and sizes, but they all consist of three basic partsthe tube, the tube mount which includes the beam focussing magnets and the power supply. High efficiency travelingwave tube power amplifier for ka. The twt was invented by rudolf kompfner in 1942 in england, for this reason he. A travelingwave tube twt, pronounced twit or travelingwave tube amplifier twta, pronounced tweeta is a specialized vacuum tube that is used in electronics to amplify radio frequency rf signals in the microwave range. The twt belongs to a category of linear beam tubes, such as the klystron, in which the radio wave is amplified by absorbing power from a beam of electrons as it. Amplification is done through the prolonged interaction between an electron beam and radio frequency. This product is known as a travelingwave tube amplifier twta.
Model 999ha travelingwave tube twt, was developed for use as a highpower microwave amplifier for highrate transmission of data and video signals from deep space to earth see figure. Tmd technologies produces a large range of twts, a core component of many radar and missile seeker systems, electronic counter measure ecm and electronic warfare ew systems. Enhanced features for design of traveling wave tubes using christine1d john a. Designing, constructing, and testing an rf rack to amplify an x band signal using a traveling wave tube amplifier twta electrical model from a pleiades program that can also command the twta to switch onoff, monitor the telemetries coming from the electronic power conditioner epc, and monitor the temperature at different subsystem levels. Highefficiency kband space travelingwave tube amplifier for nearearth high data rate communications rainee n. Traveling wave tube amplifier second harmonic as millimeter wave beacon source for atmospheric propagation studies rainee n. Hydraulic tilt, trim and yaw change the attack angles of the foil to provide any number of wave heights, wave speeds and tube shapes. Cpi smps satcom products group is uniquely equipped to be your onestop hpa subsystem supplier for standard and emerging satcom applications, whether for ganbased solid state bucs and sspas, traveling wave tube amplifiers twtas or klystron power amplifiers. Wintucky national aeronautics and space administration glenn research center cleveland, ohio 445 abstract this paper presents the design and test results of a cw. Generate stronger signals with our selection of rf power amplifiers and electronic systems. Publication date 1960 topics travelingwave tubes publisher kansas state university. The original design and prototype of the twt was done by andrei andy haeff c.
Comparison between the existing designs of the traveling wave tube including. Shown here is the tube s collector, which recovers some of the. Dec 17, 2018 the traveling wave tube design was originally developed by teledyne wireless llc, who has proprietary design rights for the 10kw and kw traveling wave tubes. Pmi can custom design and manufacture very high powered amplifiers up to 2kw. Oct 04, 2017 in this video, i have explained travelling wave tube with following topics. Which simulation softwares can be used for designing a. Full text of design of a travelingwave tube see other formats the design of a traveling wave tube larry lex moore l.
Eliminating a systems finite life due to cathode exhaustion in the twt. Lawrence ives2, and david chernin3 abstract traveling wave tubes twts are vacuum devices invented in the early 1940s for. The department of defense dod uses microwave power tubes in land, sea, air, and space applications. We manufacture and custom design solid state, traveling wave tube twt, and pulse models up to 2kw. May 30, 2015 114 traveling waves in this video paul andersen explains how traveling waves move through space and time. But to provide tv over countries, it was needed to send the programs to each stations. The cadcae integrated system concept is typically applied in loop designanalysisredesign procedures. Rf power amplifiers sunnyvale, ca powermax innovation. Simulation and design of travelingwave tubes with folded. Software tool for rf, wireless, packaging and optoelectronic design used for modeling high speed pcb, package, ic, antenna, array design along with rf and microwave component design. Physical construction and functional describing of traveling wave tubes.
They feature low harmonics, low phase noise, excellent amplitude and phase stabilities, local andor remote operation, extensive bit and status monitoring, and much more. In addition to, the method can be extended to the simulation design of other modules, and lays a solid foundation for the subsequent development of intelligent regulating system of traveling wave tube based on the automatic test system of electrical parameters. Traveling wave tubes twts are used to provide micro wave and millimeterwave power amplification in modern radar, communications, and electronic countermeasures. In this video, i have explained travelling wave tube with following topics. Next, this paper deals with travelingwave tube theory and design. Development of a 75watt 60ghz travelingwave tube for. With proper design and larger physical structure, they can produce tens of. Engineers designing electromagnetic systems can use vsim to simulate the behavior of electromagnetic components, systems and interactions with complex structures and dynamical charged particles and fluids. High power traveling wave tube amplifier and power supply. An electron gun focusses an electron beam with the velocity of light.
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